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Russo-Persian War (1722–23)
Russo-Persian War, 1722–1723, known in Russian historiography as the Persian campaign of Peter the Great,〔Elena Andreeva, ''Russia and Iran in the Great Game: Travelogues and Orientalism'', (Routledge, 2007), 38.〕 was a war between Russia and Persia (Safavid Iran), triggered by the tsar's attempt to expand Russian influence in the Caspian and Caucasus regions and to prevent its rival, Ottoman Empire, from territorial gains in the region at the expense of declining Safavid Iran.
The Russian victory ratified for Safavid Irans' cession of their territories in the Northern Caucasus, Southern Caucasus and contemporary Northern Iran to Russia, comprising the cities of Derbent (southern Dagestan) and Baku and their nearby surrounding lands, as well as the provinces of Gilan, Shirvan, Mazandaran, and Astrabad conform the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1723).〔
The territories remained in Russian hands for 9 and 12 years, when respectively according the Treaty of Resht of 1732 and the Treaty of Ganja of 1735, they were returned to Iran.
== Campaign ==
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